What is Tennis Elbow?
Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a painful condition caused by inflammation of the tendons that attach to the outside of the elbow. It occurs when the muscles and tendons of the forearm are overused, usually by repetitive motions of the wrist and arm. It is a common injury among tennis players, hence its name.
Causes of Tennis Elbow
Tennis elbow is caused by the overuse of the forearm muscles. This can occur from playing sports such as tennis, golf, or racquetball. It can also be caused by activities such as painting, hammering, or using a screwdriver for long periods of time.
Symptoms of Tennis Elbow
The most common symptom of tennis elbow is pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. The pain may be felt when gripping or twisting objects, or when extending the wrist. Other symptoms may include:
- Pain when the elbow is bent
- Weakness in the forearm
- Tingling or numbness in the arm
Diagnosis of Tennis Elbow
To diagnose tennis elbow, your doctor will review your medical history and ask questions about your symptoms. He or she may also perform a physical exam to look for tenderness and weakness in the elbow and forearm. X-rays and other imaging tests may also be ordered to rule out other conditions.
Treatment of Tennis Elbow
Tennis elbow is usually treated with a combination of rest, ice, and physical therapy. Over-the-counter medications may also be used to reduce pain and inflammation. If these treatments are not effective, your doctor may recommend steroid injections or surgery.
Rest
Rest is the first step in treating tennis elbow. You should avoid activities that cause pain or discomfort. Your doctor may also recommend using a wrist brace or splint to help keep the elbow in a comfortable position.
Ice
Applying an ice pack to the affected area can help reduce pain and swelling. You should apply the ice for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
Medication
Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce pain and inflammation. Your doctor may also prescribe stronger medications if needed.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles of the forearm and improve flexibility. Your physical therapist may also recommend stretching and range-of-motion exercises to help reduce pain.
Steroid Injections
Steroid injections can be used to reduce inflammation and pain. Your doctor may recommend a series of injections over several weeks.
Surgery for Tennis Elbow
Surgery is rarely needed for tennis elbow. Surgery may be recommended if other treatments have not been successful. The goal of surgery is to release the pressure on the tendon and reduce pain.
Types of Surgery
There are several types of surgery for tennis elbow, including:
- Release of the tendon
- Removal of a bone spur
- Removal of damaged tissue
- Reconstruction of the elbow joint
Recovery from Surgery
Recovery from surgery for tennis elbow can take several weeks. You may need to wear a splint or brace for a few weeks to help protect the elbow. Physical therapy may also be needed to help with the healing process.
Does Tennis Elbow Need Surgery?
Surgery for tennis elbow is rarely needed. Most cases of tennis elbow can be successfully treated with rest, ice, physical therapy, and over-the-counter medications. Surgery may be recommended if other treatments are not successful. Your doctor will be able to help you decide if surgery is the best option for you.