What is Tennis Elbow?
Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a painful condition that is caused by overuse of the forearm muscles. It is common in athletes, especially those who play racquet sports such as tennis, but anyone can develop the condition. The pain typically occurs on the outside part of the elbow and can radiate up and down the forearm.
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What Causes Tennis Elbow?
The condition is caused by repetitive use of the forearm muscles. This strain can be caused by activities such as playing racquet sports, using a computer mouse or keyboard, or even activities as simple as gardening or painting. It is thought that the tendon that connects the forearm muscles to the elbow joint becomes strained and inflamed, leading to pain.
Who is at Risk for Tennis Elbow?
Tennis elbow is most common in athletes, especially those who play racquet sports such as tennis or badminton. However, anyone can develop the condition, including those who spend a lot of time on the computer or engaging in repetitive activities.
What are the Signs of Tennis Elbow?
The most common symptom of tennis elbow is a gradual onset of pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. This pain can be sharp or throbbing and can radiate up and down the forearm. Pain is usually greatest when gripping or lifting objects or when turning the wrist.
Other Signs of Tennis Elbow Include:
- Weakness: The weakened muscles in the forearm can make it difficult to grip objects or lift them.
- Swelling: Swelling may occur around the elbow joint.
- Pain when Bending the Wrist: Pain can be experienced when bending the wrist backward or when straightening the elbow.
- Painful Movements: Certain motions such as shaking hands or turning doorknobs can be painful.
How is Tennis Elbow Diagnosed?
Tennis elbow is usually diagnosed based on a physical examination and a review of medical history. The doctor may ask the patient to perform certain motions with their arm and wrist to determine if they are experiencing pain. The doctor may also order imaging tests such as an X-ray or MRI to rule out other conditions.
Treatment Options for Tennis Elbow
Treatment for tennis elbow varies depending on the severity of the condition, but typically includes a combination of rest, physical therapy, and medications.
Rest:
Resting the affected arm and avoiding activities that cause pain is the first step in treating tennis elbow. It is important to take breaks from activities that involve repetitive motions of the forearm.
Physical Therapy:
Physical therapy is often recommended to help strengthen and stretch the muscles in the forearm. The therapist may also use ultrasound, ice, and electrical stimulation to reduce pain and inflammation.
Medications:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help to reduce pain and inflammation. Corticosteroid injections can also be used to reduce inflammation in the elbow joint. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the damaged tendon.
Preventing Tennis Elbow
Tennis elbow can be prevented by taking measures to avoid activities that put strain on the forearm muscles. It is important to warm up and stretch the muscles before engaging in activities that involve repetitive motions. It is also important to use proper technique when playing racquet sports or engaging in other activities that require the use of the forearm muscles.
When to See a Doctor
Anyone who experiences persistent pain or tenderness in the elbow should seek medical attention. It is important to be evaluated by a doctor to rule out other conditions such as tendinitis or bursitis.
Conclusion
Tennis elbow is a common condition that is caused by overuse of the forearm muscles. The most common symptom is pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow that can radiate up and down the forearm. Treatment typically involves rest, physical therapy, and medications. It is important to take measures to prevent the condition and to seek medical attention if the pain persists.